Root Causes of Open Source Supply Chain Compromises in 2024–2025

In a comprehensive survey, Filippo Valsorda analyzed 18 open source supply chain compromises from 2024 and 2025, identifying common root causes and contributing factors. The predominant causes were phishing (5 incidents), control handoff (3–4 incidents), and unsafe GitHub Actions triggers (3+ incidents). Contributing factors included long-lived credential exfiltration, non-reproducible release artifacts, and mutable GitHub Actions tags. The survey emphasizes the need for open source maintainers to implement phishing-resistant authentication methods, avoid control handoffs, and eliminate privileged attacker-controlled GitHub Actions triggers to mitigate these risks.

https://words.filippo.io/compromise-survey

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