Evaluating the Accuracy of Metadata-Based SBOM Generation

 The paper "On the Correctness of Metadata-Based SBOM Generation" presents a large-scale analysis of four widely used Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) generators—Trivy, Syft, Microsoft SBOM Tool, and GitHub Dependency Graph. The study examines 7,876 open-source projects across various programming languages, revealing that all four tools produce inconsistent SBOMs with missing dependencies, leading to incomplete and potentially inaccurate software inventories. Additionally, the authors introduce a novel attack vector termed "parser confusion," which exploits these inconsistencies to conceal malicious or vulnerable packages within the software supply chain. To address these issues, the paper proposes best practices for SBOM generation and introduces a benchmark to guide the development of more accurate and reliable SBOM tools

https://www.cs.ucr.edu/~heng/pubs/sbom-dsn24.pdf

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